1.
What is symbol of Samajwadi Party?
Ans.Cycle
2. Which is the oldest recognized political party of I ndia?
Ans.Indian National congress
3. How many political parties are recognized with the Election Commission?
Ans.750
4. Which state has the maximum recognized regional par ties?
Ans.Tamil Nadu
5. Examine the rise and growth of political parties?
Ans.A. The representative democracies emerged when there w as the need of some agency to gather different views and present to the gover nment. This happened when societies become large and complex . This led to the political parties to emerge.
B. In the contemporary world to have a responsible government , the countries needed various representatives to support and restrain the government , make policies, justify or oppose them. The growth of political parties fulfils thes e needs.
6. Which is the recently formed national party? Examin e its objectives and present status.
Ans. Nationalist Congress Party is the recen tly formed national party after the split in congress in 1999. A. Objectives of NCP : This party advocates democracy, Gandhian secularism, equality, justice and federalism . Wants that high offices in government be confined to natural born citizens of the country.
B. Present Status : A major party in Maharashtra and has a significant presence in Meghalaya, Manipur and Assam . A coalition partner in the state of Maharashtra in alliance with the Congress since 2004, a member of the United Progressive Alliance .
7. ‘Increase in the number of states and regional parties strengthen the democracy in India’. Comment.
Ans.As India is a federal state , so more regional parties mean more influence of s tate parties in national politics. Earlier, up to 1989 t here was a very much influence of congress party in the political sphere of our country . During that time the political party who was ruling in the centre, sometimes used its emergency power to abolish the state government, in order to establish its own party’s government. Now regional parties have a say in the political policies as the y win elections in their states. In the present political scenario no single national party has been able to form government . Indian National Congress has its own Alliance tha t is United Progressive Alliance and the BJP has its own Alliance that is National Democratic Alliance . This has broadened the concept of popular participation and strengthened the federation and democracy in our country.
8. The political scene is the mass of many parties. Ho w do politicians mange these coalitions? Give your opinion.
Ans. It is true that presently political scene is dominated by many part ies . If we take it in positive sense we see that this signifies:
A. The concept of popular participation .
B. Equal representation to all the sections of the society.
C. This system has strengthened federal system of democracy.
D. It is helpful to get equal share in the power .
The politicians do manage these coalitions by giving proportional representation to all the emerging political parties and their me mbers.
9. How far is it correct to say that opposition plays a very importa nt role in a democracy? Elaborate your answer with suitable argu ments.
Ans.n effective responsible and responsive opposit ion is the hallmark of a democracy . Opposition plays a very important role in a democra cy.
A. It acts like a restraining force as it represents legitimate dissent. The oppositio n criticizes and exposes the mistakes, shortcoming, failures, and la pses of the ruling party and thus acts like a necessary corrective to it.
B. The opposition helps to ventilate the grievances of the people and help the government to know their views. In this way they help in the formulation of policy .
C. The opposition has often checked and financial malpractices on part of the government and exposed the government’s various scams
10. Explain some instances that reflecting the efforts of Indian Government to reform the political parties and leaders.
Ans.A. The constitution was amended to prevent MPs and MLA s from changing parties and leaders. For this Anti Defection law was made.
B. The Supreme Court made it mandatory for every candi date to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
C. The Election Commission made it necessary for polit ical parties to hold elections and file their Income tax returns.
D. The RTI has made a lot of information available to the public.
11. Examine the concept ‘use of money and muscle power’ in the Political Parties.
Ans.A. The role of money and muscle power in parties , especially during elections.
B. Since parties are focused only on winning elections , they tend to use short-cuts to win elections.
C. They tend to nominate those candidates who are or c an raise lots of money .
D. Rich people and companies who give funds to the par ties tend to have influence on the policies and decisions of the party.
E. In some cases parties support criminals who can win elections.
F. Democracies all over the world are worried abou t the increasing role of rich people and big companies in democratic politics.
12. Examine the concept ‘Dynastic succession’ in the Po litical Parties.
Ans.A. Most political parties do not practice open and transparent procedure for their functioning; there are very few ways for an ordinary worker to rise to the top in a party.
B. Those who happen to be the leaders are in a position of unfair advantage to favour people close to them or even their family members .
C. In many parties the top positions are always controlled by members of one family. This is unfair to other members of that par ty.
D. This is also bad for democracy , since people who do not have adequate experience or popular support come to occupy positions of powe r.
E. This tendency is present in some measure all over the world, including in some of the older democracies.
1. United Kingdom is an example of which party system?
Ans.Two party system
2. Which institution has passed an order making it nec essary for political parties to hold their organizational election and file their i ncome tax return?
Ans.Supreme Court
3. What do you understand from ruling party?
Ans.Political party that runs government is a ruling party
4. What is an alliance?
Ans.When several parties join hands to contest election
5. Why is there a lack of internal democracy within th e political parties in India? Give reasons.
Ans.A. Concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.
B. Details of membership are not registered in the parties.
C. No organizational meetings.
D. No internal elections for membership within the party.
E. Top leaders have unanimous power of decision-making.
6. How do political parties help in shaping p ublic opinion? Explain.
Ans.A. The raise and highlight issues .
B. They form pressure groups as extended arms .
C. The launch movements for the resolution of problems faced by the people.
D. They have lakhs of members and activists.
7. What do you understand by the Bi - party system? Write its one merit and one demerit?
Ans.Two-party system : In some countries, power usually changes between two main parties . Several other parties may exist, contest election s and win a few seats in the national legislatures. But only the two main partie s have a serious chance of winning majority of seats to form government . Such a party system is called two-party system.
A. Merit: This system allows stability of government as no coalition is there.
B. Demerit: In this system, only two main parties have a serio us chance of winning majority seats to form the government.
8. Why cannot modern democracies exist without the pol itical parties? Explain any four reasons.
Ans.A. The every candidate in the elections will be independent . So no one will be able to make any promise to the people about any major policy changes.
B. The government will be formed but its utility will remain ever uncertain .
C. Elected representatives will be responsible only to their constituency and not for the entire country.
D. But no one will be responsible for how the country run.
9. Name the national political par ty which gets inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Mention four features of that p arty.
Ans.Bharatiya Janta Party gets inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Following are the features:
A. Cultural Nationalism or Hindutva is an important element in its conception of Indian nationhood and politics.
B. The party wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir.
C. A common Civil Code for all people living in the country irrespective of religion and ban on religious conversions .
10. Explain the reasons for the lack of internal democr acy in the political parties of India.
Ans.A. There is lack of internal democracy within political parties. Parties do not keep membership registers and do not hold organizational meetings .
B. Ordinary members of the party do not get sufficient information on what happens inside the party.
C. They do not have the means or the connections needed to influence the decisions.
D. As a result the leaders assume greater power to make decisions in the name of the party.
11. What is Multi - Party system? Discuss the meri ts and demerits of multi - party system.
Ans.Multi-Party system : If several parties compete for power and more tha n two parties have a reasonable chance of coming into power, eith er own strength or in alliance with other, we call it multi-party system. Merits:
A. This system allows a variety of interests and opinions .
B. People can take a choice between several candidates. Demerits:
A. No one party is likely to gain power alone. Therefore, it is difficult in formation of government.
B. It leads to political instability .
12. Explain the meaning of a Political Party. Mention i ts components. Name any two recognized national parties in India.
Ans.A political party is a group of people that come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. They agree on some policies and programs for the society with a view to promote the collective good . Since there can be different views on what is good for all, parties try to persuade people as to why their policies are better than others. They seek to implement these policies by wi nning popular through elections. Components of Political Party:
A. The leaders.
B. The active members.
C. The followers. Two recognized national parties:
A. Bhatatiya Janta party
B. Indian National Congress
1. Which Political party draws inspiration from the Id eas and teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, J Phule and Sahu Maharaj?
Ans.Bahujan Samaj Party
2. Name the National Political Party who is against th e conversion of religion?
Ans.Bhartiya Janta party
3. Name the political Party who wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India?
Ans.Bhartiya Janta party
4. What are leftist Parties?
Ans.Left often refers to those who are in favor of the poor, downtrodden section and support government policies for the benefit of thes e sections.
5. Write down the parameters laid down by the Election Commission of India to recognize the State Political Parties and National Political Parties.
Ans.A. Every party in the country has to register with the Election Commission.
B. In a state party the party members aim to highlight the regional interest. On the other hand, a national party gives due importance t o national interests.
C. State party: A party that secures at least six perc ent of the total votes in the election to the Legislative assembly of a state and wins at least two seats is recognized as a state party.
D. National party: A party secure at least six percent of the total votes in the Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states and wins at least four seats in the Lok Sabha is recognized as a national party.
6. Give a brief introduction of BJP and Elaborate the Ideology of this Political party.
Ans. It was formed in 1980 by reviving the e rstwhile Bharatiya Jana Sangh.
A. It believes in a strong and modern India which driv es its inspirations from its ancient cultural and values.
B. In its ideological orientation the BJP is a rightis t party.
C. It wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir.
D. This party is against the religious conversion.
7. “BJP wants full territorial and political integrati on of Jammu and Kashmir”. Explain the Article 307 of Indian Constitution, according t o which, Jammu and Kashmir is enjoying special privileges.
Ans.A. Though Jammu and Kashmir is a state like other stat es of India, yet under Instrument of Accession, it is given a special stat us and for this purpose Article-370 is inserted into the constitution under which in co mparison to other states of India Jammu and Kashmir is given more autonomy.
B. Jammu and Kashmir has a separate constitution.
C. Many articles of Indian Constitution of India do no t apply to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. For example article -3 of Indian Constitut ion.
D. The people of other states cannot purchase property there.
8. How can the quality of democracy be improved in a c ountry like India?
Ans.A. Quality of democracy depends on active public parti cipation, instead of criticism of the government.
B. Not only political parties, but ordinary citizens, pressure groups and movements and the media, all must work towards improving demo cracy.
C. Values such as honesty must be included at an early age so that people learn to be corruption free.
9. What is meant by defection in democracy? Explain.
Ans. Defection in politics means changing political party to another party for some personal benefits. It means changing party allegiance from t he party on which a person got elected to a different party. It happens when a leg islature, after having been elected from a particular party leaves it and joins in othe r party. To prevent this custom of changing party legislatu re of India made a law that is anti defection law. The constitution was amended to prev ent elected MLAs and MPs from changing parties. Now the law says that if any MLA and MP changes parties, he or she will lose seat in the legislature. The new law has brought defection down and has made dissent even more difficult.
10. Name the National political party that has been in power in West Beng al for 30 years? Write any two points related to this politic al party.
Ans.Communist party of India-Marxist (CPI-M)
A. Founded in 1964. Believes in Marxism-Leninism, sup ports socialism, secularism and communalism.
B. Accepts democratic elections as a useful means for securing the objective of socio- economic justice in India.
C. Has been in power in West Bengal without a break fo r 30 years.
11. State the various functions political parties perfo rm in a democracy.
Ans.A. Political parties contest elections. In most democr acies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates put up by the parties. Parties select their candidates in different ways.
B. Parties’ forward different policies and programs an d voters choose them from. Each of us may have different opinions and views on what policies are suitable for society. A government is expected to base its policies on th e line taken by the Ruling Party.
C. Parties play a decisive role in making laws foe a c ountry. Laws are debated and passed in the legislature. But most of the members of legislature are the members of political parties.
D. Parties form and run the Governments. As we noted l ast year, the big policy decision are taken by political executive that comes from th e political parties.
E. Those parties that lose in the elections play the r ole of opposition of the parties in power, by voicing different views and criticizing g overnment for its failure or wrong policies
12. The political scene is the mass of ma ny parties. How do politicians manage these coalitions? Give your opinion.
Ans. It is true that presently political scene is dominated by many political parties. Many National and Regional Political parties are working at local level and regional level. If we take this concept in positive sense we will find ou t the following conclusions
A. Many political parties give chance of popular parti cipation
B. Many political parties give choice to the people
C. Give a chance for equal representation to everyone
D. His system has strengthens the federal system and d emocracy of the country.
E. The politicians do manage these coalitions by givin g proportional representation to all emerging political parties and their members
1. When was CPI - M founded?
Ans.Communist party of India-Marxist was founded in 1964.
2. What is Multi- Party system?
Ans.If several parties compete for power, and more than two parties have reasonable chances of coming to power either on their own stre ngth or in alliance with others, we call it a multi-party system.
3. Which type of party system exists in China?
Ans.One party system.
4. Name the regional political party predominant in Na galand?
Ans.Nagaland People's front
5. Who was Berlusconi? Elaborate his business.
Ans.A. Berlusconi was the prime Minister of Italy.
B. He is also one of the top businessmen in Italy.
C. He is the leader of the Froza Italia founded in 199 3.
D. His company owns TV channels, the most important pu blishing company a football club and a bank.
6. Which national party draws inspiration from the teachi ngs of Mahatma Phule and Periyar? Write any three points related to this par ty.
Ans. Bahujan Samaj Party draws inspiration f rom the ideas and teachings of Sahu maharaj, Mahatma Phule, Periyar Ramaswami Naicker and Babasa heb Ambedkar.
A. BSP was formed in 1984 under the leadership of Kans hi Ram.
B. This party seeks to represent and secure power for the bahujan samaj which includes the Dalits, adivasies, OBCs and religious minorities.
C. It stands for the cause of securing the interests a nd welfare of the dalits and oppresses people.
7. Write a short not on Communist Party of India.
Ans.A. Communist party of India formed in 1925. Believes i n Marxist-Leninism, secularism and democracy.
B. Opposed to the forces of secessionism and communali sm.
C. Accepts parliamentary democracy as a means of promo ting the interests of the working class, farmers and the poor.
D. Became weak after the split in 1964 that led to the formation of the CPI (M).
E. Significant presence in the state of Kerala, west B engal, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
8. Suggest some measures to reform financial position of political parties in India?
Ans.A. It should be mandatory for political party to submi t its audited annual financial statement.
B. It is mandatory for every candidate who contests el ections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
C. There should be state funding of elections. The gov ernment should give money to parties to meet their election expenses.
D. The financial accounts of every political party sho uld be made public. These accounts should be examined by government auditors.
9. Elaborate the role of public in the reformation of political parties.
Ans.A. People can put pressure on political parties. This can be done through petitions, publicity and agitations.
B. Ordinary citizens, pressure groups and movements an d media can play an important role in this.
C. If political Parties feel that they would lose publ ic support by not taking up reforms, they would become more serious about reforms.
D. The quality of democracy depends on the degree of p olitical participation. It is difficult to reform politics if ordinary citizens d o not take part in it and simply criticize it from outside.
10. “ A decline in the ideolo gical differences among political parties is major challenge” Explain this challenge with suitable arguments.
Ans.A. In recent years there has been a decline in the ide ological difference among parties in most parts of the world.
B. For example the difference between the Labour Party and the Conservative party in Britain is very little. They agree on more fundamen tal aspects but differ only in details on how policies are to be formed and implem ented.
C. In our country too, the differences among all the m ajor parties on the economic policies have reduced.
D. Those who want really different policies have no op tion available to them. Sometimes people cannot even elect very different l eaders either, because the same set of leaders keep shifting from one party to anot her.
11. Suppose, you are going to form a political party. W hat ideology would you like to keep in mind? Explain.
Ans.A. Aim and objective : Secularism, patriotism, no place for casteism, we lfare of women. Promotion of weaker sections and minorities and abo ve all economic development would be the basis of our country.
B. Internal Democracy : We would promote internal democracy. There would be routine organizational elections for various party posts.
C. No favoritism : In many political parties the most important post s is held by the member of a particular family and it takes inherita ble nature. This neglects the rights of other deserving leaders and damage democratic va lues. Our party would choose the leaders for top post through internal elections .
D. No role of money and Muscle power : There would be a place for money and muscle power to win elections.
E. People’s participation: We would include those policies in our manifesto t hat would encourage people’s participation in the polit ical system.
12. How would you explain the situation without politic al parties in country?
Ans.A. We can understand the necessity of political partie s by imagining a situation without parties.
B. The every candidate in the elections will be independent . So no one will be able to make any promise to the people about any major policy changes.
C. The government will be formed but its utility will remain ever uncertain .
D. Elected representatives will be responsible only to their constituency and not for the entire country.
E. But no one will be responsible for how the country run.
F. Elections without political parties will also be responsible for the disintegration of the country.
1. Who exercise the real power in the Democracy?
Ans.Citizens of the country
2. What is Partisan?
Ans.A person who is strongly committed to a party, group or faction. Partisanship is marked by a tendency to take a side and inability t o take a balanced view on an issue.
3. What are bye elections?
Ans.Elections which are held to fill a vacancy cau sed by the death of any elected member or of any other reason, for example defection.
4. Name the oldest recognized Political Party of India ?
Ans.Indian national Congress
5. Name six Natio nal Political Parties of India along with their sym bols.
Ans.A. Indian National Congress Hand
B. Bharatiya Janta Party Lotus
C. Bahujan Samaj Party Elephant
D. Communist Party of India-(Marxist) Sickle, Hammer a nd Star
E. Communist Party of India Sickle and Wheat
F. Natinalist Congress Party Clock
6. Explain the requirements fulfilled by a political p arty to become a national political party.
Ans.A. The party has to secure at least six percent of the total votes in the Lok Sabha elections.
B. Six percent of the total votes in the state Assembl y elections and win at least four seats in the Lok Sabha protected against the market ing of goods and delivery of services that are hazardous to life and property.
7. Write down the name of regional political party dom inant in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and West Bengal.
Ans.A. Andhra Pradesh- Telgu Desam Party (1982), Telangana Rashtra Sammiti (2001)
B. Karnataka- Janata Dal (secular)1999
C. West Bengal- Forward Bloc (1940), Revolutionary Soc ialist Party (1940), Trinamool Congress (1977).
8. Why are symbols allotted to political parties by th e election commission of India? Give reason?
Ans.A. For the recognition of the political parties the sy mbols are required.
B. It means party is large and established.
C. Only the official candidates of the political party can use it.
D. Voters can caste their vote easily.
E. One can easily recognize the party is either a nati onal or regional party.
9. What is a political party? What are the components of a political party?
Ans. political party is a association of people wh o come together to contest elections and keen to hold power in the government. Political par ties put forward different policies and programs and the voters choose for them. Partie s play a decisive role in making laws for a country. Following are the components
A. The Leaders.
A. The Active Members.
B. The followers
10. Explain the constitutional measures to counter c hallenges faced by political parties.
Ans.A. The constitution was amended to prevent elected MLA s and MPs from changing parties. This is called anti defection law.
B. The Supreme Court made it mandatory for every candi date to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases p ending against him.
C. The Election Commission made it necessary for polit ical parties to hold elections and file their Income tax Returns.
11. Explain elements of four basic elements of Politica l Party.
Ans. Following are the basic elements of political party:
A. National and Regional Interest: Political parties h ave national and regional interests. Their main aim is to promote national in terests.
B. Constitutional Interest: A political party must fol low the constitutional means in a peaceful manner in order to capture political power .
C. Organisation: The member of political party with co ncern interest forms a organization that is political party.
D. Common Aim: Its members must have a similar and una nimous opinion regarding public matters and issues
12. “Increase in the number of states or regional parti es strengthen democracy in India”. Justify the state with suitable examples.
Ans.India is federal country and the powers of the Gove rnment are divided into different levels. Decentralization of power means expansion o f democracy. If the number of state or regional parties is increasing it means th e people of our country are becoming more aware and they are not happy with the working of existing political parties. In these days regional parties have a say in political policies as they win elections in their states. The national political p arties have to take help of the regional parties to win the elections or to form th e government. The rise of collision governments broadened the concept of popular partic ipation. It also strengthen the federal system of the democracy.
Ans.Cycle
2. Which is the oldest recognized political party of I ndia?
Ans.Indian National congress
3. How many political parties are recognized with the Election Commission?
Ans.750
4. Which state has the maximum recognized regional par ties?
Ans.Tamil Nadu
5. Examine the rise and growth of political parties?
Ans.A. The representative democracies emerged when there w as the need of some agency to gather different views and present to the gover nment. This happened when societies become large and complex . This led to the political parties to emerge.
B. In the contemporary world to have a responsible government , the countries needed various representatives to support and restrain the government , make policies, justify or oppose them. The growth of political parties fulfils thes e needs.
6. Which is the recently formed national party? Examin e its objectives and present status.
Ans. Nationalist Congress Party is the recen tly formed national party after the split in congress in 1999. A. Objectives of NCP : This party advocates democracy, Gandhian secularism, equality, justice and federalism . Wants that high offices in government be confined to natural born citizens of the country.
B. Present Status : A major party in Maharashtra and has a significant presence in Meghalaya, Manipur and Assam . A coalition partner in the state of Maharashtra in alliance with the Congress since 2004, a member of the United Progressive Alliance .
7. ‘Increase in the number of states and regional parties strengthen the democracy in India’. Comment.
Ans.As India is a federal state , so more regional parties mean more influence of s tate parties in national politics. Earlier, up to 1989 t here was a very much influence of congress party in the political sphere of our country . During that time the political party who was ruling in the centre, sometimes used its emergency power to abolish the state government, in order to establish its own party’s government. Now regional parties have a say in the political policies as the y win elections in their states. In the present political scenario no single national party has been able to form government . Indian National Congress has its own Alliance tha t is United Progressive Alliance and the BJP has its own Alliance that is National Democratic Alliance . This has broadened the concept of popular participation and strengthened the federation and democracy in our country.
8. The political scene is the mass of many parties. Ho w do politicians mange these coalitions? Give your opinion.
Ans. It is true that presently political scene is dominated by many part ies . If we take it in positive sense we see that this signifies:
A. The concept of popular participation .
B. Equal representation to all the sections of the society.
C. This system has strengthened federal system of democracy.
D. It is helpful to get equal share in the power .
The politicians do manage these coalitions by giving proportional representation to all the emerging political parties and their me mbers.
9. How far is it correct to say that opposition plays a very importa nt role in a democracy? Elaborate your answer with suitable argu ments.
Ans.n effective responsible and responsive opposit ion is the hallmark of a democracy . Opposition plays a very important role in a democra cy.
A. It acts like a restraining force as it represents legitimate dissent. The oppositio n criticizes and exposes the mistakes, shortcoming, failures, and la pses of the ruling party and thus acts like a necessary corrective to it.
B. The opposition helps to ventilate the grievances of the people and help the government to know their views. In this way they help in the formulation of policy .
C. The opposition has often checked and financial malpractices on part of the government and exposed the government’s various scams
10. Explain some instances that reflecting the efforts of Indian Government to reform the political parties and leaders.
Ans.A. The constitution was amended to prevent MPs and MLA s from changing parties and leaders. For this Anti Defection law was made.
B. The Supreme Court made it mandatory for every candi date to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
C. The Election Commission made it necessary for polit ical parties to hold elections and file their Income tax returns.
D. The RTI has made a lot of information available to the public.
11. Examine the concept ‘use of money and muscle power’ in the Political Parties.
Ans.A. The role of money and muscle power in parties , especially during elections.
B. Since parties are focused only on winning elections , they tend to use short-cuts to win elections.
C. They tend to nominate those candidates who are or c an raise lots of money .
D. Rich people and companies who give funds to the par ties tend to have influence on the policies and decisions of the party.
E. In some cases parties support criminals who can win elections.
F. Democracies all over the world are worried abou t the increasing role of rich people and big companies in democratic politics.
12. Examine the concept ‘Dynastic succession’ in the Po litical Parties.
Ans.A. Most political parties do not practice open and transparent procedure for their functioning; there are very few ways for an ordinary worker to rise to the top in a party.
B. Those who happen to be the leaders are in a position of unfair advantage to favour people close to them or even their family members .
C. In many parties the top positions are always controlled by members of one family. This is unfair to other members of that par ty.
D. This is also bad for democracy , since people who do not have adequate experience or popular support come to occupy positions of powe r.
E. This tendency is present in some measure all over the world, including in some of the older democracies.
1. United Kingdom is an example of which party system?
Ans.Two party system
2. Which institution has passed an order making it nec essary for political parties to hold their organizational election and file their i ncome tax return?
Ans.Supreme Court
3. What do you understand from ruling party?
Ans.Political party that runs government is a ruling party
4. What is an alliance?
Ans.When several parties join hands to contest election
5. Why is there a lack of internal democracy within th e political parties in India? Give reasons.
Ans.A. Concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.
B. Details of membership are not registered in the parties.
C. No organizational meetings.
D. No internal elections for membership within the party.
E. Top leaders have unanimous power of decision-making.
6. How do political parties help in shaping p ublic opinion? Explain.
Ans.A. The raise and highlight issues .
B. They form pressure groups as extended arms .
C. The launch movements for the resolution of problems faced by the people.
D. They have lakhs of members and activists.
7. What do you understand by the Bi - party system? Write its one merit and one demerit?
Ans.Two-party system : In some countries, power usually changes between two main parties . Several other parties may exist, contest election s and win a few seats in the national legislatures. But only the two main partie s have a serious chance of winning majority of seats to form government . Such a party system is called two-party system.
A. Merit: This system allows stability of government as no coalition is there.
B. Demerit: In this system, only two main parties have a serio us chance of winning majority seats to form the government.
8. Why cannot modern democracies exist without the pol itical parties? Explain any four reasons.
Ans.A. The every candidate in the elections will be independent . So no one will be able to make any promise to the people about any major policy changes.
B. The government will be formed but its utility will remain ever uncertain .
C. Elected representatives will be responsible only to their constituency and not for the entire country.
D. But no one will be responsible for how the country run.
9. Name the national political par ty which gets inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Mention four features of that p arty.
Ans.Bharatiya Janta Party gets inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Following are the features:
A. Cultural Nationalism or Hindutva is an important element in its conception of Indian nationhood and politics.
B. The party wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir.
C. A common Civil Code for all people living in the country irrespective of religion and ban on religious conversions .
10. Explain the reasons for the lack of internal democr acy in the political parties of India.
Ans.A. There is lack of internal democracy within political parties. Parties do not keep membership registers and do not hold organizational meetings .
B. Ordinary members of the party do not get sufficient information on what happens inside the party.
C. They do not have the means or the connections needed to influence the decisions.
D. As a result the leaders assume greater power to make decisions in the name of the party.
11. What is Multi - Party system? Discuss the meri ts and demerits of multi - party system.
Ans.Multi-Party system : If several parties compete for power and more tha n two parties have a reasonable chance of coming into power, eith er own strength or in alliance with other, we call it multi-party system. Merits:
A. This system allows a variety of interests and opinions .
B. People can take a choice between several candidates. Demerits:
A. No one party is likely to gain power alone. Therefore, it is difficult in formation of government.
B. It leads to political instability .
12. Explain the meaning of a Political Party. Mention i ts components. Name any two recognized national parties in India.
Ans.A political party is a group of people that come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. They agree on some policies and programs for the society with a view to promote the collective good . Since there can be different views on what is good for all, parties try to persuade people as to why their policies are better than others. They seek to implement these policies by wi nning popular through elections. Components of Political Party:
A. The leaders.
B. The active members.
C. The followers. Two recognized national parties:
A. Bhatatiya Janta party
B. Indian National Congress
1. Which Political party draws inspiration from the Id eas and teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, J Phule and Sahu Maharaj?
Ans.Bahujan Samaj Party
2. Name the National Political Party who is against th e conversion of religion?
Ans.Bhartiya Janta party
3. Name the political Party who wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India?
Ans.Bhartiya Janta party
4. What are leftist Parties?
Ans.Left often refers to those who are in favor of the poor, downtrodden section and support government policies for the benefit of thes e sections.
5. Write down the parameters laid down by the Election Commission of India to recognize the State Political Parties and National Political Parties.
Ans.A. Every party in the country has to register with the Election Commission.
B. In a state party the party members aim to highlight the regional interest. On the other hand, a national party gives due importance t o national interests.
C. State party: A party that secures at least six perc ent of the total votes in the election to the Legislative assembly of a state and wins at least two seats is recognized as a state party.
D. National party: A party secure at least six percent of the total votes in the Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states and wins at least four seats in the Lok Sabha is recognized as a national party.
6. Give a brief introduction of BJP and Elaborate the Ideology of this Political party.
Ans. It was formed in 1980 by reviving the e rstwhile Bharatiya Jana Sangh.
A. It believes in a strong and modern India which driv es its inspirations from its ancient cultural and values.
B. In its ideological orientation the BJP is a rightis t party.
C. It wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir.
D. This party is against the religious conversion.
7. “BJP wants full territorial and political integrati on of Jammu and Kashmir”. Explain the Article 307 of Indian Constitution, according t o which, Jammu and Kashmir is enjoying special privileges.
Ans.A. Though Jammu and Kashmir is a state like other stat es of India, yet under Instrument of Accession, it is given a special stat us and for this purpose Article-370 is inserted into the constitution under which in co mparison to other states of India Jammu and Kashmir is given more autonomy.
B. Jammu and Kashmir has a separate constitution.
C. Many articles of Indian Constitution of India do no t apply to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. For example article -3 of Indian Constitut ion.
D. The people of other states cannot purchase property there.
8. How can the quality of democracy be improved in a c ountry like India?
Ans.A. Quality of democracy depends on active public parti cipation, instead of criticism of the government.
B. Not only political parties, but ordinary citizens, pressure groups and movements and the media, all must work towards improving demo cracy.
C. Values such as honesty must be included at an early age so that people learn to be corruption free.
9. What is meant by defection in democracy? Explain.
Ans. Defection in politics means changing political party to another party for some personal benefits. It means changing party allegiance from t he party on which a person got elected to a different party. It happens when a leg islature, after having been elected from a particular party leaves it and joins in othe r party. To prevent this custom of changing party legislatu re of India made a law that is anti defection law. The constitution was amended to prev ent elected MLAs and MPs from changing parties. Now the law says that if any MLA and MP changes parties, he or she will lose seat in the legislature. The new law has brought defection down and has made dissent even more difficult.
10. Name the National political party that has been in power in West Beng al for 30 years? Write any two points related to this politic al party.
Ans.Communist party of India-Marxist (CPI-M)
A. Founded in 1964. Believes in Marxism-Leninism, sup ports socialism, secularism and communalism.
B. Accepts democratic elections as a useful means for securing the objective of socio- economic justice in India.
C. Has been in power in West Bengal without a break fo r 30 years.
11. State the various functions political parties perfo rm in a democracy.
Ans.A. Political parties contest elections. In most democr acies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates put up by the parties. Parties select their candidates in different ways.
B. Parties’ forward different policies and programs an d voters choose them from. Each of us may have different opinions and views on what policies are suitable for society. A government is expected to base its policies on th e line taken by the Ruling Party.
C. Parties play a decisive role in making laws foe a c ountry. Laws are debated and passed in the legislature. But most of the members of legislature are the members of political parties.
D. Parties form and run the Governments. As we noted l ast year, the big policy decision are taken by political executive that comes from th e political parties.
E. Those parties that lose in the elections play the r ole of opposition of the parties in power, by voicing different views and criticizing g overnment for its failure or wrong policies
12. The political scene is the mass of ma ny parties. How do politicians manage these coalitions? Give your opinion.
Ans. It is true that presently political scene is dominated by many political parties. Many National and Regional Political parties are working at local level and regional level. If we take this concept in positive sense we will find ou t the following conclusions
A. Many political parties give chance of popular parti cipation
B. Many political parties give choice to the people
C. Give a chance for equal representation to everyone
D. His system has strengthens the federal system and d emocracy of the country.
E. The politicians do manage these coalitions by givin g proportional representation to all emerging political parties and their members
1. When was CPI - M founded?
Ans.Communist party of India-Marxist was founded in 1964.
2. What is Multi- Party system?
Ans.If several parties compete for power, and more than two parties have reasonable chances of coming to power either on their own stre ngth or in alliance with others, we call it a multi-party system.
3. Which type of party system exists in China?
Ans.One party system.
4. Name the regional political party predominant in Na galand?
Ans.Nagaland People's front
5. Who was Berlusconi? Elaborate his business.
Ans.A. Berlusconi was the prime Minister of Italy.
B. He is also one of the top businessmen in Italy.
C. He is the leader of the Froza Italia founded in 199 3.
D. His company owns TV channels, the most important pu blishing company a football club and a bank.
6. Which national party draws inspiration from the teachi ngs of Mahatma Phule and Periyar? Write any three points related to this par ty.
Ans. Bahujan Samaj Party draws inspiration f rom the ideas and teachings of Sahu maharaj, Mahatma Phule, Periyar Ramaswami Naicker and Babasa heb Ambedkar.
A. BSP was formed in 1984 under the leadership of Kans hi Ram.
B. This party seeks to represent and secure power for the bahujan samaj which includes the Dalits, adivasies, OBCs and religious minorities.
C. It stands for the cause of securing the interests a nd welfare of the dalits and oppresses people.
7. Write a short not on Communist Party of India.
Ans.A. Communist party of India formed in 1925. Believes i n Marxist-Leninism, secularism and democracy.
B. Opposed to the forces of secessionism and communali sm.
C. Accepts parliamentary democracy as a means of promo ting the interests of the working class, farmers and the poor.
D. Became weak after the split in 1964 that led to the formation of the CPI (M).
E. Significant presence in the state of Kerala, west B engal, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
8. Suggest some measures to reform financial position of political parties in India?
Ans.A. It should be mandatory for political party to submi t its audited annual financial statement.
B. It is mandatory for every candidate who contests el ections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
C. There should be state funding of elections. The gov ernment should give money to parties to meet their election expenses.
D. The financial accounts of every political party sho uld be made public. These accounts should be examined by government auditors.
9. Elaborate the role of public in the reformation of political parties.
Ans.A. People can put pressure on political parties. This can be done through petitions, publicity and agitations.
B. Ordinary citizens, pressure groups and movements an d media can play an important role in this.
C. If political Parties feel that they would lose publ ic support by not taking up reforms, they would become more serious about reforms.
D. The quality of democracy depends on the degree of p olitical participation. It is difficult to reform politics if ordinary citizens d o not take part in it and simply criticize it from outside.
10. “ A decline in the ideolo gical differences among political parties is major challenge” Explain this challenge with suitable arguments.
Ans.A. In recent years there has been a decline in the ide ological difference among parties in most parts of the world.
B. For example the difference between the Labour Party and the Conservative party in Britain is very little. They agree on more fundamen tal aspects but differ only in details on how policies are to be formed and implem ented.
C. In our country too, the differences among all the m ajor parties on the economic policies have reduced.
D. Those who want really different policies have no op tion available to them. Sometimes people cannot even elect very different l eaders either, because the same set of leaders keep shifting from one party to anot her.
11. Suppose, you are going to form a political party. W hat ideology would you like to keep in mind? Explain.
Ans.A. Aim and objective : Secularism, patriotism, no place for casteism, we lfare of women. Promotion of weaker sections and minorities and abo ve all economic development would be the basis of our country.
B. Internal Democracy : We would promote internal democracy. There would be routine organizational elections for various party posts.
C. No favoritism : In many political parties the most important post s is held by the member of a particular family and it takes inherita ble nature. This neglects the rights of other deserving leaders and damage democratic va lues. Our party would choose the leaders for top post through internal elections .
D. No role of money and Muscle power : There would be a place for money and muscle power to win elections.
E. People’s participation: We would include those policies in our manifesto t hat would encourage people’s participation in the polit ical system.
12. How would you explain the situation without politic al parties in country?
Ans.A. We can understand the necessity of political partie s by imagining a situation without parties.
B. The every candidate in the elections will be independent . So no one will be able to make any promise to the people about any major policy changes.
C. The government will be formed but its utility will remain ever uncertain .
D. Elected representatives will be responsible only to their constituency and not for the entire country.
E. But no one will be responsible for how the country run.
F. Elections without political parties will also be responsible for the disintegration of the country.
1. Who exercise the real power in the Democracy?
Ans.Citizens of the country
2. What is Partisan?
Ans.A person who is strongly committed to a party, group or faction. Partisanship is marked by a tendency to take a side and inability t o take a balanced view on an issue.
3. What are bye elections?
Ans.Elections which are held to fill a vacancy cau sed by the death of any elected member or of any other reason, for example defection.
4. Name the oldest recognized Political Party of India ?
Ans.Indian national Congress
5. Name six Natio nal Political Parties of India along with their sym bols.
Ans.A. Indian National Congress Hand
B. Bharatiya Janta Party Lotus
C. Bahujan Samaj Party Elephant
D. Communist Party of India-(Marxist) Sickle, Hammer a nd Star
E. Communist Party of India Sickle and Wheat
F. Natinalist Congress Party Clock
6. Explain the requirements fulfilled by a political p arty to become a national political party.
Ans.A. The party has to secure at least six percent of the total votes in the Lok Sabha elections.
B. Six percent of the total votes in the state Assembl y elections and win at least four seats in the Lok Sabha protected against the market ing of goods and delivery of services that are hazardous to life and property.
7. Write down the name of regional political party dom inant in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and West Bengal.
Ans.A. Andhra Pradesh- Telgu Desam Party (1982), Telangana Rashtra Sammiti (2001)
B. Karnataka- Janata Dal (secular)1999
C. West Bengal- Forward Bloc (1940), Revolutionary Soc ialist Party (1940), Trinamool Congress (1977).
8. Why are symbols allotted to political parties by th e election commission of India? Give reason?
Ans.A. For the recognition of the political parties the sy mbols are required.
B. It means party is large and established.
C. Only the official candidates of the political party can use it.
D. Voters can caste their vote easily.
E. One can easily recognize the party is either a nati onal or regional party.
9. What is a political party? What are the components of a political party?
Ans. political party is a association of people wh o come together to contest elections and keen to hold power in the government. Political par ties put forward different policies and programs and the voters choose for them. Partie s play a decisive role in making laws for a country. Following are the components
A. The Leaders.
A. The Active Members.
B. The followers
10. Explain the constitutional measures to counter c hallenges faced by political parties.
Ans.A. The constitution was amended to prevent elected MLA s and MPs from changing parties. This is called anti defection law.
B. The Supreme Court made it mandatory for every candi date to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases p ending against him.
C. The Election Commission made it necessary for polit ical parties to hold elections and file their Income tax Returns.
11. Explain elements of four basic elements of Politica l Party.
Ans. Following are the basic elements of political party:
A. National and Regional Interest: Political parties h ave national and regional interests. Their main aim is to promote national in terests.
B. Constitutional Interest: A political party must fol low the constitutional means in a peaceful manner in order to capture political power .
C. Organisation: The member of political party with co ncern interest forms a organization that is political party.
D. Common Aim: Its members must have a similar and una nimous opinion regarding public matters and issues
12. “Increase in the number of states or regional parti es strengthen democracy in India”. Justify the state with suitable examples.
Ans.India is federal country and the powers of the Gove rnment are divided into different levels. Decentralization of power means expansion o f democracy. If the number of state or regional parties is increasing it means th e people of our country are becoming more aware and they are not happy with the working of existing political parties. In these days regional parties have a say in political policies as they win elections in their states. The national political p arties have to take help of the regional parties to win the elections or to form th e government. The rise of collision governments broadened the concept of popular partic ipation. It also strengthen the federal system of the democracy.
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