Class 8 Science Curiosity All chapters Questions and Answers and NCERT solutions

Chapter-wise Class 10 Science Question and answers for Chemistry, Biology, and Physics with clear concepts, important definitions, diagrams, formulas, and exam-focused preparation.

Chemistry

Chemical reactions, acids-bases, metals, non-metals, and carbon compounds.

⚗️

Chemical Reactions and Equations

Balancing equations, reaction types, oxidation, reduction, and chemical changes.

🧪

Acids, Bases and Salts

pH scale, indicators, neutralisation, salts, and important chemical properties.

🔩

Metals and Non-metals

Properties, reactions, reactivity series, extraction, corrosion, and metallurgy.

🧬

Carbon and its Compounds

Covalent bonding, homologous series, functional groups, nomenclature, and reactions.

Biology

Life processes, coordination, reproduction, heredity, evolution, and environment.

🫀

Life Processes

Nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, and important biological processes.

🧠

Control and Coordination

Nervous system, reflex arc, brain, hormones, and plant coordination.

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Reproduction

Asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, reproductive organs, and life continuity.

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Heredity and Evolution

Inheritance, Mendel’s laws, traits, sex determination, variation, and evolution.

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Our Environment

Ecosystem, food chains, food webs, ozone layer, waste, and environmental balance.

Physics

Light, human eye, electricity, magnetism, circuits, and electromagnetic effects.

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Light: Reflection and Refraction

Mirrors, lenses, ray diagrams, image formation, mirror formula, and lens formula.

👁️

Human Eye and Colourful World

Eye defects, correction, prism, dispersion, scattering, and atmospheric refraction.

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Electricity

Ohm’s law, resistance, circuits, heating effect, electric power, and numericals.

🧲

Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Magnetic field, field lines, motor effect, electromagnetic induction, and safety devices.

Class 8 Science Chapter 2 The Invisible Living World Beyond Our Naked Eye Questions and Answers

SK Tuitions

CBSE Class 8 Science Notes

Chapter-wise Class 8 Science notes with clear explanations, important concepts, diagrams, definitions, and exam-focused preparation.

Biology

Cells, microorganisms, health, diseases, prevention, and lifestyle concepts.

🔬

The Invisible Living World: Beyond Our Naked Eye

Learn about cells, microorganisms, and the hidden world of life.

🩺

Health: The Ultimate Treasure

Covers diseases, prevention, hygiene, immunity, and healthy lifestyle habits.

Physics

Electricity, forces, pressure, storms, light, mirrors, lenses, and timekeeping.

⚡

Electricity: Magnetic and Heating Effects

Explore electric current, heating effect, magnetic effect, and simple circuits.

💪

Exploring Forces

Understand push, pull, friction, gravity, pressure, and effects of force.

🌪️

Pressure, Winds, Storms, and Cyclones

Learn air pressure, wind formation, storms, cyclones, and safety measures.

🔦

Light: Mirrors and Lenses

Covers reflection, mirrors, lenses, images, and basic ray diagrams.

🌙

Keeping Time with the Skies

Understand day, night, shadows, seasons, and sky-based timekeeping.

Chemistry

Matter, particles, elements, compounds, mixtures, solutes, solvents, and solutions.

⚛️

Particulate Nature of Matter

Learn particles, spaces between particles, movement, and states of matter.

🧫

Nature of Matter: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Understand pure substances, mixtures, elements, compounds, and classification.

🧪

The Amazing World of Solutes, Solvents and Solutions

Covers solubility, solutions, concentration, solvents, and everyday examples.

Environmental Science

Nature, ecosystems, Earth, resources, balance, and life-supporting conditions.

🌿

How Nature Works in Harmony

Explore ecosystems, food chains, interdependence, and natural balance.

🌍

Our Home: Earth, A Unique Life-Sustaining Planet

Understand air, water, land, sunlight, resources, and conditions for life.

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Mindful Eating: Path to a healthy body Important Questions and Answers

Delhi Public School Notes

Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body Class 6 Science Questions and Answers

SEO Title: Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body Class 6 Science Questions and Answers | CBSE Important Questions

Meta Description: Get premium CBSE Class 6 Science questions and answers for Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body. Includes very short answers, short answers, long answers, MCQs, assertion-reason, case study questions, diagram-based questions, HOTS, quick revision points and exam tips.

This premium question-answer blog post is designed for CBSE Class 6 Science students. It covers important concepts from the chapter Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body, including food diversity, nutrients, balanced diet, deficiency diseases, food tests, junk food, millets, food miles and mindful eating habits.

Class 6 Science Questions and Answers CBSE Class 6 Science Important Questions NCERT Science Chapter Questions Competency Based Science Questions

Chapter Overview

Class: Sixth

Subject: Science

Board: CBSE

Chapter: Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body

Main Theme: Food, nutrition, health and responsible eating

Useful For: School exams, unit tests and revision

Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions
Long Answer Questions
MCQs
Assertion and Reason Questions
Case Study Questions
Diagram-Based Questions
HOTS Questions
Quick Revision Points
Final Exam Tips

Section A Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.

What does the Sanskrit saying “annena jātāni jivanti” mean?

Answer:

It means food gives life to living beings.

Question 2.

Name one primary source of energy in our diet.

Answer:

Carbohydrates are one primary source of energy in our diet.

Question 3.

Which nutrient is present in glucose?

Answer:

Glucose is an example of a carbohydrate.

Question 4.

What are carbohydrates and fats called?

Answer:

Carbohydrates and fats are called energy-giving foods.

Question 5.

Which food component helps in growth and repair of the body?

Answer:

Proteins help in growth and repair of the body.

Question 6.

What are protein-rich foods called?

Answer:

Protein-rich foods are called body-building foods.

Question 7.

Name the deficiency disease caused by lack of Vitamin C.

Answer:

Lack of Vitamin C causes scurvy.

Question 8.

What is iodised salt?

Answer:

Iodised salt is common salt mixed with required quantities of salts of iodine.

Question 9.

What is roughage also known as?

Answer:

Roughage is also known as dietary fibre.

Question 10.

What colour indicates the presence of starch in a food item?

Answer:

A blue-black colour indicates the presence of starch.

Question 11.

Name one millet mentioned in the chapter.

Answer:

Jowar, bajra, ragi or sanwa.

Question 12.

What are millets also called?

Answer:

Millets are also called nutri-cereals.

Section B Short Answer Questions

Question 1.

Why do food habits vary across different regions of India?

Answer:

Food habits vary across different regions of India because different crops are grown in different regions depending on soil type and climatic conditions. Food choices also depend on taste preferences, culture and traditions.

Question 2.

How have culinary practices changed over time?

Answer:

Culinary practices have changed from traditional methods to modern methods. Earlier, people commonly used a chulha for cooking and sil-batta for grinding. Today, many people use a modern gas stove and an electrical grinder. These changes happened due to technological development, improved transportation and better communication.

Question 3.

Why does a marathon runner drink glucose water during or after a race?

Answer:

A marathon runner drinks glucose water because glucose provides instant energy. Glucose is a carbohydrate, and carbohydrates are one of the primary sources of energy in our diet.

Question 4.

Why are laddoos rich in ghee and nuts commonly eaten in winter?

Answer:

Laddoos made with ghee, nuts and seeds are rich in fats. Fats are a source of stored energy and help provide energy to keep the body warm during winter.

Question 5.

Why are vitamins and minerals called protective nutrients?

Answer:

Vitamins and minerals are called protective nutrients because they protect our body from diseases, help the body fight infections and keep us healthy.

Question 6.

Why should fruits and vegetables be washed before eating?

Answer:

Fruits and vegetables should be thoroughly washed before eating to make them clean and safe for consumption. However, washing cut or peeled fruits and vegetables may result in the loss of some vitamins, so they should preferably be washed before cutting or peeling.

Question 7.

What is the role of water in our diet?

Answer:

Water is an essential part of our diet. It helps the body absorb nutrients from food and removes waste from the body through sweat and urine. We should drink sufficient water regularly to stay healthy.

Question 8.

What are junk foods? Give two examples.

Answer:

Junk foods are foods that contain high levels of sugar and fats but very low amounts of proteins, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres. Examples include potato wafers, candy bars and carbonated drinks.

Question 9.

Why are millets considered important for a balanced diet?

Answer:

Millets are important because they are good sources of vitamins, minerals like iron and calcium, and dietary fibres. They contribute significantly to a balanced diet and are known as nutri-cereals.

Question 10.

What is food miles?

Answer:

Food miles refers to the distance travelled by a food item from the place where it is produced to the consumer. We should try to minimise food miles by choosing locally grown food whenever possible.

Section C Long Answer Questions

Question 1.

Explain the major nutrients present in food and their functions.

Answer:

The major nutrients present in food are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

Carbohydrates: They are one of the primary sources of energy. Examples include wheat, rice, maize, potato, sweet potato, banana, pineapple and mango.
Fats: They provide stored energy. Examples include ghee, oils, nuts, seeds, butter and curd.
Proteins: They help in growth and repair of the body. Pulses, beans, peas, nuts, milk, paneer, egg, fish and meat are sources of protein.
Vitamins: They help protect the body from diseases. Examples include Vitamins A, B1, C and D.
Minerals: They help in different body functions. Calcium, iodine and iron are important minerals.

Question 2.

What is a balanced diet? Why is it important?

Answer:

A balanced diet is a diet that contains all essential nutrients, roughage and water in the right amount for proper growth and development of the body.

It is important because:

It provides energy for daily activities.
It supports growth and development.
It helps repair the body.
It protects the body from diseases.
It keeps the digestive system healthy through roughage.
It helps remove waste from the body through sufficient water intake.

Question 3.

Describe the tests used to detect starch, fats and proteins in food items.

Answer:

Test for starch: A small piece of the food item is placed on a dish and 2–3 drops of diluted iodine solution are added. If the food turns blue-black, starch is present.

Test for fats: A food item is placed on a piece of paper and pressed. If an oily patch appears and light can faintly pass through it, fat is present.

Test for proteins: The food item is made into a paste or powder and placed in a test tube. Water is added, followed by copper sulfate solution and caustic soda solution. If the content turns violet, protein is present.

Question 4.

Explain deficiency diseases with examples from the chapter.

Answer:

Deficiency diseases occur when one or more nutrients are lacking in the diet for a long time.

Scurvy: It is caused by deficiency of Vitamin C. Symptoms include bleeding gums and slow healing of wounds. Citrus fruits like lemons and oranges help in curing it.
Goitre: It is caused due to lack of iodine. The main symptom is swelling at the front of the neck. Iodised salt helps prevent iodine deficiency.
Rickets: It is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D. It leads to soft and bent bones.
Anaemia: It is linked with lack of iron. Symptoms include weakness and shortness of breath.
Beriberi: It is caused by deficiency of Vitamin B1 and may cause swelling, tingling or burning sensation in feet and hands, and trouble in breathing.

Question 5.

Why should we avoid junk food and prefer healthy food?

Answer:

We should avoid junk food because it contains high amounts of sugar and fats but very low amounts of proteins, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres. Frequent consumption of such food is unhealthy and may make a person obese. Obesity can further lead to several health problems.

Healthy food, on the other hand, provides essential nutrients, roughage and water. It gives energy, supports growth, repairs the body and protects us from diseases. Therefore, we should eat a balanced diet and avoid frequent consumption of junk food.

Question 6.

Explain why locally grown and plant-based food is good for the body and environment.

Answer:

Locally grown and plant-based food is good for the body because it can provide nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres. It is also good for the environment because it helps reduce food miles, which means the distance food travels from the place of production to the consumer. Reducing food miles can help support local producers and reduce unnecessary transportation. Therefore, eating local food is a mindful and environment-friendly choice.

Section D MCQs

Question 1.

Which of the following is a primary source of energy in our diet?

A. Vitamins
B. Minerals
C. Carbohydrates
D. Roughage

Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates

Explanation: Carbohydrates are one of the primary sources of energy in our diet.

Question 2.

Which of these is a source of carbohydrates?

A. Rice
B. Butter
C. Paneer
D. Fish

Correct Answer: A. Rice

Explanation: Rice is a cereal and a source of carbohydrates.

Question 3.

Protein-rich foods are called:

A. Energy-giving foods
B. Body-building foods
C. Junk foods
D. Food miles

Correct Answer: B. Body-building foods

Explanation: Proteins help in growth and repair of the body, so protein-rich foods are called body-building foods.

Question 4.

Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B1
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D

Correct Answer: C. Vitamin C

Explanation: Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin C.

Question 5.

Which mineral is important for blood?

A. Iodine
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Sodium

Correct Answer: B. Iron

Explanation: Iron is an important component of blood.

Question 6.

An oily patch on paper indicates the presence of:

A. Starch
B. Fat
C. Protein
D. Vitamin C

Correct Answer: B. Fat

Explanation: Food items containing fat leave an oily patch on paper.

Question 7.

Which colour shows the presence of protein in a food test?

A. Blue-black
B. Violet
C. Green
D. Red

Correct Answer: B. Violet

Explanation: Violet colour indicates the presence of proteins in a food item.

Question 8.

Which of the following is also called roughage?

A. Dietary fibre
B. Glucose
C. Salt
D. Fat

Correct Answer: A. Dietary fibre

Explanation: Dietary fibre is also known as roughage.

Question 9.

Which of the following is a millet?

A. Potato
B. Ragi
C. Paneer
D. Butter

Correct Answer: B. Ragi

Explanation: Ragi is a millet and is also called a nutri-cereal.

Question 10.

Which of these is an example of junk food mentioned in the chapter?

A. Roasted chana
B. Green leafy vegetables
C. Potato wafers
D. Wholegrains

Correct Answer: C. Potato wafers

Explanation: Potato wafers are listed as junk food because they contain high fat and have low amounts of many protective nutrients.

Section E Assertion and Reason Questions

Options:

A. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

B. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

C. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

D. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

Question 1.

Assertion: Carbohydrates and fats are called energy-giving foods.

Reason: Carbohydrates and fats provide energy for performing various activities.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Both statements are true, and the reason correctly explains why carbohydrates and fats are called energy-giving foods.

Question 2.

Assertion: Proteins are called body-building foods.

Reason: Proteins help in growth and repair of our body.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Proteins help the body grow and repair itself, so they are correctly called body-building foods.

Question 3.

Assertion: Iodised salt helps prevent goitre.

Reason: Goitre is caused due to deficiency of iodine.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Iodised salt contains salts of iodine, and iodine deficiency can cause goitre.

Question 4.

Assertion: Junk foods should be eaten frequently for good health.

Reason: Junk foods contain high levels of sugar and fats but little protein, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres.

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: The assertion is false because junk food should not be eaten frequently. The reason is true because junk foods are high in sugar and fats and low in many important nutrients.

Question 5.

Assertion: Millets are also called nutri-cereals.

Reason: Millets are good sources of vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Millets are called nutri-cereals because they provide many nutrients needed for the normal functioning of the body.

Section F Case Study / Competency-Based Questions

Case Study 1: Sailors and Scurvy

In earlier times, during long voyages, sailors often suffered from bleeding and swollen gums. During a voyage in 1746, Scottish physician James Lind observed that sailors who consumed lemons and oranges recovered from these symptoms. Bleeding and swollen gums are symptoms of a disease called scurvy.

Question 1.

Which disease did the sailors suffer from?

Answer:

They suffered from scurvy.

Question 2.

What are the symptoms of scurvy mentioned in the case?

Answer:

The symptoms mentioned are bleeding and swollen gums.

Question 3.

Which fruits helped the sailors recover?

Answer:

Lemons and oranges helped the sailors recover.

Question 4.

Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?

Answer:

Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin C.

Question 5.

Why should citrus fruits be included in the diet?

Answer:

Citrus fruits contain Vitamin C, which helps the body fight diseases and prevents deficiency disease like scurvy.

Case Study 2: Iodised Salt and Goitre

In the 1960s, Indian scientists found that many people in the Himalayan region and Northern plains of India had swelling at the front of the neck. This happened due to deficiency of iodine in the soil, which caused lack of iodine in local food and water. Common salt was supplemented with iodine to prepare iodised salt. Consumption of iodised salt visibly reduced the symptoms.

Question 1.

Which disease is linked with swelling at the front of the neck?

Answer:

Swelling at the front of the neck is a symptom of goitre.

Question 2.

Which mineral deficiency causes goitre?

Answer:

Goitre is caused due to deficiency of iodine.

Question 3.

What is iodised salt?

Answer:

Iodised salt is common salt mixed with required quantities of salts of iodine.

Question 4.

Why did the symptoms reduce after people consumed iodised salt?

Answer:

The symptoms reduced because iodised salt supplied iodine to the body and helped overcome iodine deficiency.

Question 5.

Name two sources of iodine mentioned in the chapter.

Answer:

Seaweed, water chestnut and iodised salt are sources of iodine.

Case Study 3: Potato Wafers and Roasted Chana

A packet of potato wafers has high energy and fat content, while roasted chana has more protein and dietary fibre. The chapter explains that foods with high sugar and fats but very low protein, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres are called junk foods.

Question 1.

Which food item is healthier: potato wafers or roasted chana?

Answer:

Roasted chana is healthier because it contains more protein and dietary fibre and less fat compared to potato wafers.

Question 2.

Which of the two can be labelled as junk food?

Answer:

Potato wafers can be labelled as junk food.

Question 3.

Why are junk foods harmful when consumed frequently?

Answer:

Junk foods can make a person obese and may lead to several health problems because they are high in sugar and fats and low in important nutrients.

Question 4.

What should we eat instead of junk food?

Answer:

We should eat a balanced diet containing essential nutrients, roughage and water.

Section G Diagram-Based Questions

Question 1.

In a diagram showing sources of carbohydrates, label any four carbohydrate-rich food items.

Answer:

Four carbohydrate-rich food items are wheat, rice, maize and potato. Other examples include sweet potato, banana, pineapple and mango.

Question 2.

In a diagram showing sources of fats, label any four sources of fats.

Answer:

Four sources of fats are groundnut, walnut, almonds and butter. Other sources include sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, soya bean, curd and oils.

Question 3.

Observe a diagram showing plant and animal sources of proteins. Classify the following as plant or animal sources: gram, peas, fish, eggs, paneer.

Answer:

Plant sources: Gram and peas.

Animal sources: Fish, eggs and paneer.

Question 4.

In a diagram of the starch test, what material is added to the food item?

Answer:

Diluted iodine solution is added to the food item. If the food turns blue-black, starch is present.

Question 5.

In a diagram of the protein test, which colour indicates the presence of protein?

Answer:

A violet colour indicates the presence of protein.

Question 6.

In a diagram comparing traditional and modern cooking tools, name one traditional and one modern cooking tool.

Answer:

Traditional cooking tool: Chulha.

Modern cooking tool: Gas stove.

Section H HOTS / Application-Based Questions

Question 1.

Riya eats only rice and potato every day. Which important food components may be missing from her diet?

Answer:

Rice and potato mainly provide carbohydrates. Riya’s diet may lack sufficient proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, roughage and possibly adequate variety. She should include pulses, vegetables, fruits, milk products, nuts and sufficient water to make her diet more balanced.

Question 2.

A child has bleeding gums and slow healing of wounds. Which nutrient may be lacking and what foods should be included?

Answer:

The child may be lacking Vitamin C. Foods such as amla, guava, green chilli, orange and lemon should be included in the diet.

Question 3.

Why should we not wash fruits and vegetables after cutting them?

Answer:

Washing cut or peeled fruits and vegetables may result in the loss of some vitamins. Therefore, fruits and vegetables should be washed thoroughly before cutting or peeling.

Question 4.

Your friend says, “Roughage gives no nutrients, so it is useless.” Is your friend correct?

Answer:

No, the statement is incorrect. Roughage does not provide nutrients, but it is still an essential component of food. It helps the body remove undigested food and ensures smooth passage of stools.

Question 5.

Why do sportspersons need proteins in larger quantities?

Answer:

Sportspersons need proteins in larger quantities because proteins help build muscles and repair body tissues. Their physical activity is high, so their body needs more body-building nutrients.

Question 6.

How can eating locally grown food reduce food miles?

Answer:

Eating locally grown food reduces the distance food travels from the place of production to the consumer. This decreases food miles and supports local producers.

Question 7.

Why should we take only as much food as we can consume?

Answer:

We should take only as much food as we can consume because wasting food ignores the time and effort of farmers and other community members who bring food from farm to plate. It also helps reduce food wastage.

Revision Quick Revision Points

Food is essential for life and gives energy to living beings.
Food habits vary across regions due to locally grown crops, soil, climate, culture, tradition and taste preferences.
Culinary practices have changed from traditional methods like chulha and sil-batta to modern methods like gas stove and electrical grinder.
The major nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
Carbohydrates and fats are energy-giving foods.
Proteins are body-building foods because they help in growth and repair.
Vitamins and minerals are protective nutrients.
Deficiency of Vitamin C causes scurvy.
Deficiency of iodine causes goitre.
Deficiency of Vitamin D causes rickets.
Roughage helps remove undigested food and ensures smooth passage of stools.
Water helps absorb nutrients and remove waste through sweat and urine.
A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients, roughage and water in the right amount.
Junk foods are high in sugar and fats but low in proteins, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres.
Millets like jowar, bajra, ragi and sanwa are called nutri-cereals.
Food miles means the distance travelled by food from production place to consumer.
We should eat healthy, share food, respect food and avoid wasting it.

Food Component	Main Function	Examples / Sources
Carbohydrates	Provide energy	Wheat, rice, maize, potato, banana
Fats	Provide stored energy	Ghee, oils, nuts, seeds, butter
Proteins	Growth and repair	Pulses, beans, peas, nuts, milk, paneer, eggs
Vitamins	Protect from diseases	Fruits, vegetables, milk, sunlight for Vitamin D
Minerals	Maintain body functions	Calcium, iodine, iron-rich foods
Roughage	Helps remove undigested food	Green leafy vegetables, fruits, wholegrains, pulses, nuts
Water	Absorbs nutrients and removes waste	Drinking water, fruits and vegetables

Exam Tips Final Exam Tips

Tip 1: Learn the difference between energy-giving foods, body-building foods and protective nutrients.

Tip 2: Memorise the deficiency diseases: Vitamin C—Scurvy, Iodine—Goitre, Vitamin D—Rickets, Iron—Anaemia.

Tip 3: Practise food test questions carefully: iodine test for starch, oily patch test for fats and violet colour test for proteins.

Tip 4: In long answers, write point-wise with examples of food sources.

Tip 5: For competency-based questions, connect the concept with real-life food choices, balanced diet, junk food and food wastage.

Conclusion

The chapter Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body teaches that food is not only necessary for energy but also for growth, repair, protection from diseases and overall health. A healthy lifestyle depends on eating a balanced diet, avoiding junk food, including fruits, vegetables, roughage and water, respecting food and reducing food wastage. Students should revise nutrients, deficiency diseases, food tests, millets and food miles carefully for exams.

Delhi Public School Notes brings this premium CBSE Class 6 Science question-answer set to help students prepare confidently for school exams, unit tests and quick revision.

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Diversity in the Living World Important Questions and Answers

CBSE Class 6 Science

Diversity in the Living World

Important Questions and Answers for revision, school exams, competency-based practice, and NCERT-style preparation.

Class Sixth

Subject Science

Board CBSE

Chapter Diversity in the Living World

Section A: Very Short Answer Questions
Section B: Short Answer Questions
Section C: Long Answer Questions
Section D: MCQs
Section E: Assertion and Reason
Section F: Case Study Questions
Section G: Diagram-Based Questions
Section H: HOTS Questions

Study Tip: Focus on important terms like biodiversity, grouping, venation, taproot, fibrous root, monocot, dicot, habitat, and adaptation.

Section A: Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1: What is biodiversity?

Answer: The variety of plants and animals found in a particular region is called biodiversity.

Question 2: What is grouping?

Answer: Arranging plants and animals on the basis of similarities and differences is called grouping.

Question 3: Name one plant with reticulate venation.

Answer: Hibiscus.

Question 4: Name one plant with parallel venation.

Answer: Banana or grass.

Question 5: What type of root does common grass have?

Answer: Fibrous root.

Question 6: What type of root does mustard have?

Answer: Taproot.

Section B: Short Answer Questions

Question 1: Why should we observe plants and animals without disturbing them?

Answer: We should observe plants and animals without disturbing them because all living creatures have their own role in nature. Disturbing them may harm their habitat, food, shelter, or normal activities.

Question 2: Write two features on the basis of which plants can be grouped.

Answer: Plants can be grouped on the basis of:
1 Height and type of stem — herbs, shrubs, and trees.
2 Leaf venation — reticulate venation and parallel venation.

Question 3: Differentiate between herbs and shrubs.

Herbs	Shrubs
Herbs are usually small plants.	Shrubs are medium-sized plants.
They have soft and green stems.	They have hard, woody stems.
Example: Tomato.	Example: Rose.

Section C: Long Answer Questions

Question 1: Explain the different groups of plants based on height and nature of stem.

Answer:
Plants can be grouped into herbs, shrubs, and trees based on their height, stem type, and branching pattern.

Herbs: Herbs are small plants with soft, green stems. Example: Tomato.
Shrubs: Shrubs are medium-sized plants with hard woody stems. Their branches arise close to the ground. Example: Rose.
Trees: Trees are tall plants with hard, thick, brown, woody stems. Their branches arise higher up on the stem. Example: Mango.

Question 2: Explain the relation between leaf venation, roots, and cotyledons.

Answer:
Dicot plants have two cotyledons, reticulate venation, and taproot system. Examples: Chickpea, mustard, hibiscus.

Monocot plants have one cotyledon, parallel venation, and fibrous root system. Examples: Maize, wheat, grass.

Section D: MCQs

Question 1: The variety of plants and animals found in a region is called:

Habitat
Biodiversity
Venation
Adaptation

Correct Answer: B. Biodiversity

Explanation: Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants and animals in a particular region.

Question 2: The pattern of veins on a leaf is called:

Cotyledon
Venation
Habitat
Grouping

Correct Answer: B. Venation

Explanation: Venation means the arrangement or pattern of veins on a leaf.

Question 3: Common grass has:

Taproot
Fibrous root
Woody root
No root

Correct Answer: B. Fibrous root

Explanation: Grass has many similar-sized thin roots arising from the base of the stem.

Section E: Assertion and Reason

Question 1:
Assertion: Grouping helps us study plants and animals easily.
Reason: Grouping is done on the basis of similarities and differences.

Answer: Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason correctly explains the Assertion.

Explanation: Grouping helps us organise living organisms according to common features.

Section F: Case Study Questions

Case Study: Plant Observation During Nature Walk

During a nature walk, students observed three plants. Plant A was tall with a hard, thick, brown stem and branches higher up on the stem. Plant B was medium-sized with many hard woody stems branching close to the ground. Plant C was small with a soft green stem.

Question 1: Identify Plant A.

Answer: Plant A is a tree.

Question 2: Identify Plant B.

Answer: Plant B is a shrub.

Question 3: Identify Plant C.

Answer: Plant C is a herb.

Section G: Diagram-Based Questions

Question 1: Draw and label a taproot system.

Answer: Important labels: main root, side roots, and stem. Example: Mustard plant.

Question 2: Draw and label a fibrous root system.

Answer: Important labels: bunch of thin roots and base of stem. Example: Common grass.

Section H: HOTS Questions

Question 1: A plant has parallel venation. What type of root system is it likely to have?

Answer: It is likely to have a fibrous root system.

Question 2: A plant has two cotyledons in its seed. What type of venation and root system would you expect?

Answer: It would likely have reticulate venation and a taproot system.

Quick Revision Table

Topic	Key Point
Biodiversity	Variety of plants and animals in a region
Grouping	Arranging organisms based on common features
Herbs	Small plants with soft green stems
Shrubs	Medium plants with hard woody stems branching near ground
Trees	Tall plants with hard thick woody stems
Reticulate Venation	Net-like veins, example: hibiscus
Parallel Venation	Parallel veins, example: banana, grass
Taproot	One main root with side roots
Fibrous Root	Bunch of similar thin roots
Dicots	Two cotyledons, taproot, reticulate venation
Monocots	One cotyledon, fibrous root, parallel venation

Additional Short Answer Questions

Question 1: Why did Dr Raghu ask students to observe nature carefully?

Answer: Dr Raghu asked students to observe nature carefully so that they could notice the variety of plants, animals, smells, sounds, and movements around them without disturbing living creatures.

Question 2: What things should students carry during a nature walk?

Answer: Students should carry a notebook, a pen, and a water bottle during a nature walk.

Question 3: What observations can be recorded about plants during a nature walk?

Answer: Students can record the height of plants, nature of stem, shape and arrangement of leaves, colour and scent of flowers, and other special features.

Question 4: What observations can be recorded about animals during a nature walk?

Answer: Students can record where animals live, what food they eat, how they move, and special features such as wings, legs, fins, or number of legs.

Question 5: Why do different birds have different chirps?

Answer: Different birds have different chirps because each bird has its own unique sound. This is an example of diversity in nature.

Question 6: Why should we not pluck leaves and flowers during a nature walk?

Answer: We should not pluck leaves and flowers because it harms plants. We should respect living things and observe them without disturbing them.

Question 7: What is the difference between a climber and a creeper?

Climber	Creeper
A climber has a weak stem and needs support to grow upward.	A creeper has a weak stem and creeps along the ground.
It climbs with the help of support.	It spreads on the ground.

Question 8: What is the difference between reticulate venation and parallel venation?

Reticulate Venation	Parallel Venation
Veins form a net-like pattern.	Veins run parallel to each other.
Example: Hibiscus.	Example: Banana, grass.
Generally found in dicot plants.	Generally found in monocot plants.

Question 9: What is the difference between monocots and dicots?

Monocots	Dicots
Seeds have one cotyledon.	Seeds have two cotyledons.
Leaves usually have parallel venation.	Leaves usually have reticulate venation.
Roots are usually fibrous.	Roots are usually taproots.
Example: Maize, wheat.	Example: Chickpea, mustard.

Question 10: Why is grouping useful in science?

Answer: Grouping is useful in science because it helps us organise, compare, and study a large variety of plants and animals on the basis of common features.

More HOTS / Application-Based Questions

Question 1: A student finds a seed with one cotyledon. What type of root and leaf venation will the plant most likely have?

Answer: The plant will most likely have fibrous roots and parallel venation.

Explanation: Plants with one cotyledon are monocots, and monocots usually have parallel venation and fibrous roots.

Question 2: A plant has net-like veins on its leaves. What kind of seed and root system is it likely to have?

Answer: It is likely to have a dicot seed and a taproot system.

Explanation: Plants with reticulate venation generally have taproots and two cotyledons.

Question 3: Why should we avoid damaging forests?

Answer: We should avoid damaging forests because forests are habitats for many plants and animals. If forests are damaged, living organisms may lose their homes, food, and resources, leading to loss of biodiversity.

Question 4: Why is a fish not grouped with a goat on the basis of movement?

Answer: A fish swims using fins, while a goat walks and jumps using legs. Since their movements and body parts used for movement are different, they are grouped separately on the basis of movement.

Question 5: Why can the same animal be grouped in more than one way?

Answer: The same animal can be grouped in more than one way because grouping depends on the feature selected. For example, a pigeon can be grouped as a flying animal on the basis of movement and as a tree-living animal on the basis of habitat.

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Light: Mirrors and Lenses

Keeping Time with the Skies

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Nature of Matter: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

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Our Home: Earth, A Unique Life-Sustaining Planet

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Chapter Overview

Table of Contents

Section A Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.

Question 2.

Question 3.

Question 4.

Question 5.

Question 6.

Question 7.

Question 8.

Question 9.

Question 10.