One Word Answers
1.The lowest level of organization of life is
Ans.Cellular level
2.Living part of the cell is called
Ans.Protoplasm
3.Centrosomes are present only in
Ans.Animal Cells
4.All functions of the body are carried out by a single cell in
Ans.Unicellular organism
5.The largest cells in our body are
Ans.Nerve Cells
6.The smallest cells in our body are
Ans.Red blood cells
7.The part of cell that provides shape to it is
Ans.Cell membrane
8.The power house of the cell is known as
Ans.Mitochondria
9.What is the full form of DNA
Ans.Deoxyribonucleic Acid
10.The cell wall of a plant is made up of
Ans.Cellulose
11.Food taken in by amoeba is digested in
Ans.Vacuole
B.Fill in the blanks
1. Fill in the blanks :-
a. ______ is a spherical body present inside the n ucleus.
b. The function of receiving and transferring mess ages is carried out by ______ cells.
c. ______ of a non dividing nucleus, condenses in a dividing nucleus to form chromosomes.
d. ______ are parts of DNA that are passed from pa rents to their offsprings.
e. ______ is the dense fluid like granular substan ce of a nucleus.
nucleolus, nerve, chromatin, genes, nucleoplasm
2.Fill in the blanks :-
a. All the life functions take place in the ______ of a cell.
b. The nucleus of a cell is surrounded by ______ me mbrane.
c. The process of colouring different parts of a ce ll is called ______ .
d. A group of similar cells that are specialized to perform specific functions is called ______ .
e. Kidney shaped cells in plant leaves are called _ _____ cells.
cytoplasm, nuclear, staining, tissue, guard .
3. Fill in the blanks :-
a. A ______ is the smallest unit of life.
b. Chromosomes contain basic hereditary units calle d ______ .
c. ______ is the cell organelle which produces ener gy by the oxidation of food.
d. Chromoplasts provide different ______ to the flo wers and fruits.
e. Green plastids contain ______ that help in photo synthesis.
cell, genes, mitochondria, colour, chlorophyll.
1.Name the organelle that can be called as kitche n of the cell also explain why it can be called so?
Ans. Chloroplast i.e. the green plastids are better known as the kitchen of the cell because it contains chlorophyll for the process of photosynthe sis. Through this process, plant cell prepares food which is ultimately stored in the fo rm of starch.
2. i)Name the organelle that helps in cell divisio n?
Ans. i) Centrosome.
ii) How is cell division important to unicellu lar and multicellular organisms?
Ans.ii) In unicellular organisms, cell division helps t o increase their number (reproduce), while in multicellular organisms cell division is r equired for growth as well as repair in the body.
3.Which chemical is used to stain human cheek cell
Ans.methylene blue
4.. What are genes? How are they important to organ ism?
Ans.Thread like structures called chromatin are pres ent inside nucleus. These condense to form chromosomes during cell division. Chromosomes contain DNA in them. DNA is our hereditary material and segments of DNA are cal led genes. Genes contain all the information needed by the ce ll to function and to reproduce further cells of next generation. So, genes are res ponsible for inheritance of characters.
5. Are nuclei of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different from each other?
Ans. In prokaryotic cells there is no well defined n ucleus rather it is called a nucleoid. Such nuclear organisation lacks nuclear envelope and nuc leolus altogether.
In eukaryotic cells the nucleus is well defined wi th nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus and chromatin network.
6.How is a cell wall different from plasma membra ne?
Ans. Organisms like plants, fungi and bacteria have an additional outer wall surrounding the plasma membrane. This outer wall is called the cell wall. It is made up of cellulose in plants. It provides protection against temperatu re variations, changing moisture content, high wind speed etc. Plasma membrane or cell membrane is a thin and del icate membrane that forms the outer boundary of the cell. It is made up of fats a nd proteins.
7. List the different functions performed by cell membrane.
Ans.i) It separates cells from each other.
ii) It keeps the cells separated from surrounding e xternal medium.
iii) It gives shape and size to the cell.
iv) It allows movement of selected substances insid e and outside the cell.
8.What are the main postulates of the cell theory ?
Ans.i) All living organisms are made up of cells. Hence cells are structural and functional units of living organisms.
ii) All cells are similar in their structure and function but they are not identical.
iii) New cells are formed through division i n the pre-existing cells.
9. Differentiate between unicellular and multicell ular organisms with examples.
Ans.Such living organisms in which all life process es for entire organism are performed within a single cell are called unicellular organis ms. For example: amoeba, paramecium etc. Those organisms in which body is made up of more th an one cell are known as multicellular organisms. For example: fishes, frogs , birds. humans etc.
10.Write short notes on the following.
(a) Cytoplasm
(b)Nucleus of a cell
Ans.(a) Cytoplasm- It is the jelly-like substance found in between the nucleus and the cell membrane. It contains many cell organelles. Cytopla sm along with nucleus forms the protoplasm.
(b) Nucleus- It is a spherical structure located i n the Centre of the cell. It is known as brain of the cell as it controls the activities of cells. It is separated from cytoplasm by a membrane called nuclear membrane.
11.State the difference between eukaryotes and prok aryotes.
Ans. Eukaryotes have well-organized nucleus with nucl ear membrane while prokaryotes do not have well organized nucleus. Prokaryotic cell is generally smaller in size tha n eukaryotic cells.
12.Where are chromosomes found in a cell? State the ir function.
Ans.hromosomes are found in the nucleus of the cell . They carry genes and help in inheritance of characters from the parents to the o ffspring
13.ells are the basic structural units of living organisms’. Explain.
Ans. All the living organisms are made of cells eithe r unicellular or multicellular. The basic functions of life like respiration, assimilat ion and all major metabolic activities are carried inside the cell. So, cell is known as s tructural and functional units of living organism.
14.Explain why chloroplasts are found only in plant cells?
Ans.Chloroplast contains chlorophyll which synthesiz es food in plants by the process of photosynthesis. No photosynthesis occurs in animals . So, they do not contain chloroplast.
15.Difference between plant cell and Animal Cell Ans.
1.The lowest level of organization of life is
Ans.Cellular level
2.Living part of the cell is called
Ans.Protoplasm
3.Centrosomes are present only in
Ans.Animal Cells
4.All functions of the body are carried out by a single cell in
Ans.Unicellular organism
5.The largest cells in our body are
Ans.Nerve Cells
6.The smallest cells in our body are
Ans.Red blood cells
7.The part of cell that provides shape to it is
Ans.Cell membrane
8.The power house of the cell is known as
Ans.Mitochondria
9.What is the full form of DNA
Ans.Deoxyribonucleic Acid
10.The cell wall of a plant is made up of
Ans.Cellulose
11.Food taken in by amoeba is digested in
Ans.Vacuole
B.Fill in the blanks
1. Fill in the blanks :-
a. ______ is a spherical body present inside the n ucleus.
b. The function of receiving and transferring mess ages is carried out by ______ cells.
c. ______ of a non dividing nucleus, condenses in a dividing nucleus to form chromosomes.
d. ______ are parts of DNA that are passed from pa rents to their offsprings.
e. ______ is the dense fluid like granular substan ce of a nucleus.
nucleolus, nerve, chromatin, genes, nucleoplasm
2.Fill in the blanks :-
a. All the life functions take place in the ______ of a cell.
b. The nucleus of a cell is surrounded by ______ me mbrane.
c. The process of colouring different parts of a ce ll is called ______ .
d. A group of similar cells that are specialized to perform specific functions is called ______ .
e. Kidney shaped cells in plant leaves are called _ _____ cells.
cytoplasm, nuclear, staining, tissue, guard .
3. Fill in the blanks :-
a. A ______ is the smallest unit of life.
b. Chromosomes contain basic hereditary units calle d ______ .
c. ______ is the cell organelle which produces ener gy by the oxidation of food.
d. Chromoplasts provide different ______ to the flo wers and fruits.
e. Green plastids contain ______ that help in photo synthesis.
cell, genes, mitochondria, colour, chlorophyll.
1.Name the organelle that can be called as kitche n of the cell also explain why it can be called so?
Ans. Chloroplast i.e. the green plastids are better known as the kitchen of the cell because it contains chlorophyll for the process of photosynthe sis. Through this process, plant cell prepares food which is ultimately stored in the fo rm of starch.
2. i)Name the organelle that helps in cell divisio n?
Ans. i) Centrosome.
ii) How is cell division important to unicellu lar and multicellular organisms?
Ans.ii) In unicellular organisms, cell division helps t o increase their number (reproduce), while in multicellular organisms cell division is r equired for growth as well as repair in the body.
3.Which chemical is used to stain human cheek cell
Ans.methylene blue
4.. What are genes? How are they important to organ ism?
Ans.Thread like structures called chromatin are pres ent inside nucleus. These condense to form chromosomes during cell division. Chromosomes contain DNA in them. DNA is our hereditary material and segments of DNA are cal led genes. Genes contain all the information needed by the ce ll to function and to reproduce further cells of next generation. So, genes are res ponsible for inheritance of characters.
5. Are nuclei of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different from each other?
Ans. In prokaryotic cells there is no well defined n ucleus rather it is called a nucleoid. Such nuclear organisation lacks nuclear envelope and nuc leolus altogether.
In eukaryotic cells the nucleus is well defined wi th nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus and chromatin network.
6.How is a cell wall different from plasma membra ne?
Ans. Organisms like plants, fungi and bacteria have an additional outer wall surrounding the plasma membrane. This outer wall is called the cell wall. It is made up of cellulose in plants. It provides protection against temperatu re variations, changing moisture content, high wind speed etc. Plasma membrane or cell membrane is a thin and del icate membrane that forms the outer boundary of the cell. It is made up of fats a nd proteins.
7. List the different functions performed by cell membrane.
Ans.i) It separates cells from each other.
ii) It keeps the cells separated from surrounding e xternal medium.
iii) It gives shape and size to the cell.
iv) It allows movement of selected substances insid e and outside the cell.
8.What are the main postulates of the cell theory ?
Ans.i) All living organisms are made up of cells. Hence cells are structural and functional units of living organisms.
ii) All cells are similar in their structure and function but they are not identical.
iii) New cells are formed through division i n the pre-existing cells.
9. Differentiate between unicellular and multicell ular organisms with examples.
Ans.Such living organisms in which all life process es for entire organism are performed within a single cell are called unicellular organis ms. For example: amoeba, paramecium etc. Those organisms in which body is made up of more th an one cell are known as multicellular organisms. For example: fishes, frogs , birds. humans etc.
10.Write short notes on the following.
(a) Cytoplasm
(b)Nucleus of a cell
Ans.(a) Cytoplasm- It is the jelly-like substance found in between the nucleus and the cell membrane. It contains many cell organelles. Cytopla sm along with nucleus forms the protoplasm.
(b) Nucleus- It is a spherical structure located i n the Centre of the cell. It is known as brain of the cell as it controls the activities of cells. It is separated from cytoplasm by a membrane called nuclear membrane.
11.State the difference between eukaryotes and prok aryotes.
Ans. Eukaryotes have well-organized nucleus with nucl ear membrane while prokaryotes do not have well organized nucleus. Prokaryotic cell is generally smaller in size tha n eukaryotic cells.
12.Where are chromosomes found in a cell? State the ir function.
Ans.hromosomes are found in the nucleus of the cell . They carry genes and help in inheritance of characters from the parents to the o ffspring
13.ells are the basic structural units of living organisms’. Explain.
Ans. All the living organisms are made of cells eithe r unicellular or multicellular. The basic functions of life like respiration, assimilat ion and all major metabolic activities are carried inside the cell. So, cell is known as s tructural and functional units of living organism.
14.Explain why chloroplasts are found only in plant cells?
Ans.Chloroplast contains chlorophyll which synthesiz es food in plants by the process of photosynthesis. No photosynthesis occurs in animals . So, they do not contain chloroplast.
15.Difference between plant cell and Animal Cell Ans.
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